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Ghazals In Urdu Biography

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Parveen Shakir Sad, Romantic Poetry, SMS, Hindi Shayari, Nazam, Ghazal, Biography of Parveen Shakir in Urdu

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Perveen Shakir was born on 24th November, 1952 in Karachi. She was highly educated with two masters degrees, one is English linguistics and other in English literature. She also held a PhD and master degree in Bank Administration.

Before joining the civil service she was professor at Karachi University and trinity college USA for nine years. Her first book Kushboo won Adamjee Award. Later she was awarded the pride of performance.

She used the first person feminine pronoun, which is really used in Urdu poetry even by female poets.Her Ghazal followed the classical Urdu ghazal only as far as the form was concerned, but her idiom resonated with that of Ahmad Faraz.

This is a fact that she was all rounder; master at Ghazal, Nazam and Geet. Despite her modern diction, so entrenched was Shakir in Urdu tradition that she paid generous tributes to many classical poets from Amir Khusro to Ghalib.

Perveen Shakir lived their respective as sensitive poets. On 26th December 1994 Perveen Shakir died in car accident in Islamabad. Her death deprived Urdu literature of an outstanding poet who had yet to reach the peak of her creativity.


Perveen Shakir Urdu Poetry

Kuch to hawa bhi sard thi, kuch tha tera Kheyal bhi
Dil ko khushi k sath sath hota raha Malal bhi

Baat wo aadhi raat ki, raat wo poore Chaand ki
Chaand bhi ain cheet ka is per tera Jamal bhi

Sab se nazar bacha k wo mujh ko kuch aise dekhta
Aik dafya to ruk gaii Gardish Mah-o-Sal bhi

Dil to chamak sakey ga kia, phir bhi Tarash ke dekh lein
Shishah gerane shahar ke hath ka yeh Kamal bhi

Us ko na pa sakey the jab dil ka ajeeb hal tha
Ab jo palt ke dekhey, Baat thi kuch mhaal bhi

Meri talab tha aik shaks, wo jo nahin mila to phir
Hath doya se yun gira, bhul giya sawal bhi

Us ke hi bazuyoon mein aur us ko hi sochte rahe
Jism ke khahishoon pe the roh ke aur jal bhi.

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Pura dukh aur Aadha Chaand
Hijr ki shab aur Aisa Chaand

Itne ghane Badal k piche
Kitna tanha Hoga chaand

Meri karavat par Jag uthe
Neend ka kitna Kachcha chaand

Sehra sehra Bhatak raha hai
Apne ishq mein Sachcha chaand

Raat k shayad Aik baje hain
Sotaa hoga meraChaand

*****************************

Justju khoye huon ki Umar bhar karte rahe
Chaand ke hamrah hum har Shab safar karte rahe

Raaston ka ilam tha hum ko na Simton ki khabar
Shahar-e-namalum ki Chaahat magar karte rahe

Hum ne khud se bhi Chupaaya aur sare Shahar se
Tere jaane ki Khabar dar-o-divaar karte rahe

Vo na aayega Hamain maalum tha us Sham bhi
Intezaar us ka magar kuch Sonch kar karte rahe

Aaj aayaa hai hamain bhi un Udanon ka khayal
Jin ko tere zaum mein be-baal-o-par karte rahe


*****************************

Kamal zabt ko khood bhI to aazmayon gi
Mein apnay hath say us ki dulhan sajaon gi

Supard kar kay usay chandni kay hathon mein
Mein apnay ghar kay andheron ko lot aaongi

Badan kay karb ko woh bhi samajh na paye ga
Mein dil mein royungi, aankhon mein muskuraon gi

Woh kia gia keh rafaqat kay saray lutf gaye
Mein kis say rooth sakon gi, kisay manayon gi

Ab us ka fun to kisi aur say hua mansoob
Mein kis ki nazam akelay mein gun'gunayon di

Woh aik rishtah be naam bhi nahi lekin
Mein ab bhi us kay isharon peh sar jhukayon gi

Bicha dia tha gulabon kay sath apna wajood
Woh so kay uthe to khawabon ki Raakh uthaon gi

Samayaton mein ghanay jangalon ki sansein hain
Mein ab kabhi teri aawaz sun na payon gi

Jawaz dhoond raha tha nayi muhabbat ka
Woh keh raha tha keh mein us ko bhool jayon gi.


Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (Urdu/Persian: مرزا اسد اللہ بیگ خان ), pen-name Ghalib (Urdu/Persian: غالب, ġhālib means dominant) and (former pen-name) Asad (Urdu/Persian: اسد, asad means lion) (27 December 1797 — 15 February 1869), was a classical Urdu and Persian poet from India during British colonial rule. During his lifetime the Mughals were eclipsed and displaced by the British and finally deposed following the defeat of the Indian rebellion of 1857, events that he wrote of. Most notably, he wrote several ghazals during his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. He is considered, in South Asia, to be the one of the most popular and influential poets of the Urdu language. Ghalib today remains popular amongst Urdu speakers not only in India and Pakistan but also amongst diaspora communities around the world.He never worked for a livelihood, lived on either state patronage, credit or the generosity of his friends.
His fame came to him posthumously. He had himself remarked during his lifetime that although his age had ignored his greatness, it would be recognized by later generations.

Poetry Career
Although Ghalib himself was far prouder of his poetic achievements in Persian, he is today more famous for his Urdu ghazals. Numerous elucidations of Ghalib's ghazal compilations have been written by Urdu scholars. The first such elucidation or Sharh was written by Ali Haider Nazm Tabatabai of Hyderabad during the rule of the last Nizam of Hyderabad. Before Ghalib, the ghazal was primarily an expression of anguished love; but Ghalib expressed philosophy, the travails and mysteries of life and wrote ghazals on many other subjects, vastly expanding the scope of the ghazal. This work is considered his paramount contribution to Urdu poetry and literature.

In keeping with the conventions of the classical ghazal, in most of Ghalib's verses, the identity and the gender of the beloved is indeterminate. The critic/poet/writer Shamsur Rahman Faruqui explains that the convention of having the "idea" of a lover or beloved instead of an actual lover/beloved freed the poet-protagonist-lover from the demands of realism. Love poetry in Urdu from the last quarter of the seventeenth century onwards consists mostly of "poems about love" and not "love poems" in the Western sense of the term.

The first complete English translation of Ghalib's ghazals was written by Sarfaraz K. Niazi and published by Rupa & Co in India and Ferozsons in Pakistan. The title of this book is Love Sonnets of Ghalib and it contains complete Roman transliteration, explication and an extensive lexicon.

Mirza Ghalib was a gifted letter writer. Not only Urdu poetry but the prose is also indebted to Mirza Ghalib. His letters gave foundation to easy and popular Urdu. Before Ghalib, letter writing in Urdu was highly ornamental. He made his letters "talk" by using words and sentences as if he were conversing with the reader. According to him "sau kos se ba-zaban-e-qalam baatein kiya karo aur hijr mein visaal ke maze liya karo" [ from hundred of miles talk with the tongue of the pen and enjoy the joy of meeting even when you are separated] His letters were very informal, some times he would just write the name of the person and start the letter. He himself was very humorous and also made his letter very interesting. He said "main koshish karta hoon keh koi aisi baat likhoon jo parhay khoosh ho jaaye" [ I want to write the lines that whoever reads those should enjoy it] When the third wife of one of his friends died, he wrote... Some scholar says that Ghalib would have the same place in Urdu literature if only on the basis of his letters.They have been translated into English by Ralph Russell, The Oxford Ghalib.

Ghalib was a chronicler of this turbulent period.One by one, Ghalib saw the bazaars – Khas Bazaar, Urdu Bazaar, Kharam-ka Bazaar, disappear, whole mohallas (localities) and katras (lanes) vanish. The havelis (mansions) of his friends were razed to the ground. Ghalib wrote that Delhi had become a desert. Water was scarce. Delhi was now “ a military camp”. It was the end of the feudal elite to which Ghalib had belonged. He wrote:

“An ocean of blood churns around me- Alas! Were these all!
The future will show
What more remains for me to see”.

Popular legend has it that he changed his pen name to 'Ghalib' when he came across this sher (couplet) by another poet who used the takhallus (pen name) 'Asad':

The legend says that upon hearing this couplet, Ghalib ruefully exclaimed, "whoever authored this couplet does indeed deserve the Lord's rahmat (mercy) (for having composed such a deplorable specimen of Urdu poetry). If I use the takhallus Asad, then surely (people will mistake this couplet to be mine and) there will be much la'anat (curse) on me!" And, saying so, he changed his takhallus to 'Ghalib'.

However, this legend is little more than a figment of the legend-creator's imagination.takhallus 'Asad' appears more infrequently in Ghalib's work than 'Ghalib', it appears that he did use both his noms de plume interchangeably throughout his career and did not seem to prefer either one over the other.

Personal Life

Mirza was born in Kala Mahal in Agra. In the end of 18th century, his birthplace was converted into Indrabhan Girls' Inter College. The birth room of Mirza Ghalib is preserved within in the school. Around 1810, he was married to Umrao Begum, daughter of Nawab Ilahi Bakhsh Khan of Loharu (younger brother of the first Nawab of Loharu, Nawab Mirza Ahmad Baksh Khan , at the age of thirteen. He had seven children, none of whom survived (this pain has found its echo in some of Ghalib's ghazals). There are conflicting reports regarding his relationship with his wife. She was considered to be pious, conservative and God-fearing.

Ghalib was proud of his reputation as a rake. He was once imprisoned for gambling and subsequently relished the affair with pride. Once, when someone praised the poetry of the pious Sheikh Sahbai in his presence, Ghalib immediately retorted, "How can Sahbai be a poet? He has never tasted wine, nor has he ever gambled; he has not been beaten with slippers by lovers, nor has he ever seen the inside of a jail." In the Mughal court circles, he even acquired a reputation as a "ladies' man".

He died in Delhi on February 15, 1869. The house where he lived in Gali Qasim Jaan, Ballimaran, Chandni Chowk, in Old Delhi has now been turned into 'Ghalib Memorial' and houses a permanent Ghalib exhibition.

Popular Culture

Indian Cinema has paid a tribute to the legendary poet through a film (in sepia/black and white) named Mirza Ghalib (1954) in which Bharat Bhushan plays Ghalib and Suraiya plays his courtesan lover, Chaudvin. The musical score of the film was composed by Ghulam Mohammed and his compositions of Ghalib's famous ghazals are likely to remain everlasting favorites.

Pakistan Cinema has also paid tribute to the legendary poet through another film also named Mirza Ghalib. The film was directed by M.M. Billoo Mehra and produced as well by M.M. Billoo Mehra for S.K. Pictures. The music was composed by Tassaduq Hussain. The film starred Pakistan film superstar Sudhir playing Ghalib and Madam Noor Jehan playing his courtesan lover, Chaudvin. The film was released on November 24, 1961 and reached average status at the box-office, however, the music remains memorable in Pakistan to this day.

Gulzar produced a TV serial, Mirza Ghalib (1988), telecast on DD National and was quite well-accepted and liked by viewers. Naseeruddin Shah played the role of Ghalib in the serial, and it featured ghazals sung and composed by Jagjit Singh and Chitra Singh.

The Pakistan government in 1969 commissioned Khaliq Ibrahim (died 2006) to make a documentary on Mirza Ghalib. The movie was completed in 1971-72. It is said, that the movie, a docudrama, was historically more correct than what the official Pakistan government point of view was. Thus, it was never released. Till this date, barring a few private viewing, the movie is lying with the Department of Films and Publication, Government of Pakistan. The movie was made on 16 mm format. Ghalib's role was played by actor Subhani Bayunus, who later played this role in many TV productions.

Various theatre groups have staged plays related to the life of Mirza Ghalib. These have shown different lifestyles and the way he lived his life.

Contemporaries and Disciples

Ghalib's closest rival was poet Zauq, tutor of Bahadur Shah Zafar II, the then emperor of India with his seat in Delhi. There are some amusing anecdotes of the competition between Ghalib and Zauq and exchange of jibes between them. However, there was mutual respect for each other's talent. Both also admired and acknowledged the supremacy of Meer Taqi Meer, a towering figure of 18th century Urdu Poetry. Another poet Momin, whose ghazals had a distinctly lyrical flavour, was also a famous contemporary of Ghalib. Ghalib as not only a poet, he was also a prolific prose writer. His letters are a reflection of the political and social climate of the time. They also refer to many contemporaries like Mir Mehdi Majrooh, who himself was a good poet and Ghalib's life-long acquaintance.

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics

Ghazals In Urdu Urdu Quotes In English Images About Life For Facebook On Love On Friendship On Education Pics